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Title: I’m over 21, but the law says I’m under 21

Question: I know that the Child Protection Act has been passed on August 6, 2002. However, I am still confused if I fall under this provision. Can you help to clarify?

Answer: Yes. The Child Status Protection Act (CSPA) makes certain allowances for people who have become older than 21 years old, but can still have their applications processed as though they are under 21 years old.

IMMEDIATE RELATIVES: The first category is Immediate Relatives. These people will be able to be considered to be able to immediately apply to adjust their status to that of a Lawful Permanent Resident, even though they may be over 21 years old. If you are in the U.S. and want to adjust your status to that of a Lawful Permanent Resident, there are a couple of grounds upon which to do this under the Immediate Relative provisions of the CSPA.

If you are under 21 years old when a petition is filed for you by your U.S. Citizen parent, you will be considered to have not ‘aged-out’ even if your status is not adjudicated until after you are 21 years old. The critical factor will be when the initial I-130 is filed. It is how old you are on the date the I-130 is filed that will determine if you remain a “child” for purposes of not ‘aging-out’.

Question: What if my parent was a Lawful Permanent Resident when the I-130 was filed, and later became a U.S. Citizen?

Answer: In that case, the critical date that will determine if you are a child who will not age-out will be the date your parent became a U.S. Citizen, not the date the I-130 was filed. For example, let us say that the I-130 was filed when you were 18, and your parent naturalized when you were 20 year old. In this example, even if the adjustment was not done until after you were 21 years old, you would be considered to remain at 20 years old and therefore, not to have aged-out when you turn 21 years old. It makes it critically important that your parent become a U.S. Citizen right way if they are eligible if you happen to be less than 21 years old.

Question: What if my parent is not eligible to become a Naturalized U.S. Citizen? Can I still avail of the CSPA?

Answer: In this case, the date that the Immigration and Naturalization Service will look at to determine if a person is a ‘child’ under the CSPA will not be when the I-130 is filed, nor when the parent would become a U.S. Citizen, but rather, when the priority date becomes current. It is critically important that if you fall under this category, that you make certain that you file for Adjustment of Status within ONE year of the priority date becoming current. Otherwise, you cannot fall under the provisions of the CSPA.

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Title: Will I qualify for a work permit?

Question: I entered the United States a couple of months ago as a visitor and would now like to work in the United States. I have a degree in Business with an emphasis in accounting and have a couple of firms interested in hiring me. Do I qualify for a work permit, and if so, what must I do?

Answer: First, based upon your degree, you qualify for what is known as a Specialty Occupation Work Visa. This is also known as the H-1B. It is meant for positions which require specialized knowledge and where a college degree is the norm for the industry. Therefore, your position would qualify. You would need to be hired as an accountant.

Question: How do you know that an accountant is a specialty occupation?

Answer: There are many sources that can be viewed from the Department of Labor. These sources are either on the internet, or in printed publication. It basically states what the normal duties for the particular position are and what are the normal educational requirements needed to successfully perform the job.

Question: What type of company must sponsor me?

Answer: As an accountant, any company can sponsor you. Every company can use an accountant. If you had said that you had a degree in biology, your sponsoring companies would have to be much narrower. They would specifically have to deal with biology. The H-1B can be full-time or part-time.

Question: Do I have to leave the U.S. to get the visa?

Answer: Yes, you would have to leave the U.S. to get the visa. However, should you want to stay in the U.S., you can get a change of status from B2 (Visitor), to H-1B (Specialty Occupation Work Visa) Then, you would not have to leave the United States in order to start working for the company. However, if you did leave the United States, you would have to get the Visa in order to return to the United States. It is always possible to get the Visa approved at INS, but to get it denied at the Consulate. You would want to take this into consideration if you decided to leave after successfully getting your status changed to H-1B.

Question: How long does it take to get the answer from INS on whether they will approve the H-1B Petition?

Answer: Now it is taking from 6 to 9 months depending where you live. Should you want it much faster than that, you can put it through INS via Premium Processing. This is exactly what it implies. It goes to the top of the stack and is processed by INS within 15 days of receipt. All you need to do is pay INS $1,000.00 for them to process it as a Premium Process case. If they do not get the answer back to you within 15 days, then you get your $1,000.00 back.

Thus, the H-1B is a very good visa for someone with a college education to have. If you can get a sponsor related to your college degree, then you can see if the H-1B can be done. Usually, it is issued initially for 3 years and can be extended for another 3 years. In cases whereby the person has applied for Labor Certification and has waited for a considerable period of time, they can now apply for an even further extension of the H-1B. It is one of the nicest and most popular work visas available.

Title: Any new Immigration Laws?

Question: I know that Congress has a ‘lame-duck’ session now. I was wondering if there were any new and recent developments in the immigration laws.

Answer: There has actually been quite a bit that has been recently signed into law by President Bush. Here is the summary of those recent laws.

On November 2, President Bush signed into law the “21st Century Department of Justice Appropriations Authorization Act.” It includes the following.

Waiver of Foreign Country Residence Requirement with Respect International Medical Graduates. Extends until 2004 the “Conrad State 20” program, which allows states to request waivers of the two-year home residence requirement of INA § 212(e) for certain J–1 physicians who agree to work in medically underserved areas for a period of at least three years, and raises the number of visas available per state from 20 to 30.

Posthumous Citizenship for Non-Citizen Veterans.: Extends the deadline for allowing family members to apply for honorary posthumous citizenship for noncitizen veterans who died while honorably serving the U.S. in past wars.

Extension of H-1B Status for Aliens with Lengthy Adjudications.: Recognizing that lengthy processing times by the Department of Labor have precluded some H-1B visa holders from being eligible to apply for a one-year extension of H status pursuant to the American Competitiveness in the 21st Century Act of 2000, this provision is intended to permit aliens who have labor certification applications caught in lengthy agency backlogs to extend status beyond the six-year limitation. As long as 365 days have elapsed since the filing of a labor certification application (that is filed on behalf of or used by the alien) or an immigrant visa petition, H-1B status can be extended in one-year increments. This will be true even if the alien has since changed his or her status or left the country. If an application for a labor certification or adjustment of status or a petition for an immigrant visa petition is denied, the extended H-1B status ends at that point.

Application for Naturalization by Alternative Applicant if Citizen Parent Has Died: Amends the INA to authorize a child’s grandparents or legal guardian to submit an application for naturalization on behalf of the child under section 322 of the INA where the child’s parent, who otherwise would be authorized to submit the petition, died during the preceding five years.

Also on November 2, the President signed the “Border Student Commuter Act of 2002”. The new law amends INA §§ 101(a)(15)(F) and (M) by creating a new border commuter nonimmigrant classification under the F and M visa categories for Canadian and Mexican nationals who maintain residence in their country of nationality and commute to the U.S. for full- or part-time academic or vocational studies. The legislation was triggered by a May 22, 2002, INS proclamation that commuter students residing in contiguous territory would no longer be allowed to enter the U.S. as visitors to attend school on a part-time basis.

President Bush, on October 29, signed the “Persian Gulf POW/MIA War Accountability Act” to provide refugee status to any alien (and his or her spouse or child) who: (1) is a national of Iraq or a nation of the Greater Middle East Region; and (2) personally delivers into the custody of the U.S. government a living American Persian Gulf War prisoner of war or individual missing in action. Excepted from the Act’s benefits are persons who are ineligible for asylum (including terrorists, persecutors, certain criminals, and individuals presenting a danger to the security of the U.S.).

On September 30, President Bush signed the “Foreign Relations Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2003” (H.R. 1646, Pub. L. No. 107–228). The Act contains numerous immigration-related provisions, including authorization for $4.97 billion in appropriations for the administration of foreign affairs in fiscal year 2003.

Not all Drug Crimes are Aggravated Felonies.

Question: I am a Lawful Permanent Resident and have been convicted of a drug crime of possession. I have heard that there is no chance to win in Immigration Court. Is this true?

Answer: Since 1996, the list of crimes constituting aggravated felonies was increased tenfold. Since that time, there have been numerous Petitions for Review filed in Circuit Courts of Appeal to determine which crimes actually fall under the ambit of an aggravated felony.

One such crime deals with convictions for drugs. Under the Immigration and Nationality Act Section 101(a)(43), a ‘drug trafficking’ crime is considered to be an aggravated felony. Thus, the critical point is what is considered to be a drug trafficking crime. The case Cazarez-Gutierrez v. Ashcroft has ruled on what they consider to be a drug trafficking crime.

Petitioner Jesus Aaron Cazarez-Gutierrez (“Cazarez-Gutierrez”) appealed the decision of the Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) finding him statutorily ineligible for cancellation of removal because he was convicted of the “aggravated felony” of a “drug trafficking crime.” Id. People who have their ‘Green Cards’ and are long time lawful permanent residents in the U.S. are generally eligible for what is known as cancellation of removal. This is where the immigration judge essentially decides whether all of the resident’s equities outweigh the crime.

A lawful permanent resident is eligible for discretionary cancellation of removal if he: (1) has been lawfully admitted for permanent residence for not less than five years; (2) has resided in the United States continuously for seven years after having been admitted in any status; and (3) has not been convicted of any aggravated felony. 8 U.S.C. § 1229b(a). If cancellation of removal is granted, then the resident is given his or her ‘Green Card’ back and allowed to stay in the United States.

However, if one has been convicted of an aggravated felony, they are not eligible for Cancellation of Removal. Thus, in Gutierrez, supra, the immigration court and the BIA ruled that he was ineligible for cancellation of removal because he was convicted of an aggravated felony.

The first two elements of eligibility for cancellation of removal are not at issue. This case turns upon whether Cazarez-Gutierrez’s state-court felony conviction for possession of methamphetamine is an aggravated felony for immigration purposes.

In January 1999, an Immigration Judge (“IJ”) found Cazarez-Gutierrez removable because of his conviction, but exercised his discretion to grant him cancellation of removal. The government appealed the decision, arguing that the IJ had abused his discretion in granting Cazarez-Gutierrez cancellation of removal. On August 30, 2002, the BIA reversed the cancellation of removal, holding that Cazarez-Gutierrez is statutorily ineligible for cancellation of removal because his conviction for possession of methamphetamine is an “aggravated felony”.

The court went into some analysis of how other circuits have ruled. It stated that Congress had passed these laws in order to try to give some uniformity to the immigration laws. Therefore, this court ruled that a state drug offense is an aggravated felony for immigration purposes only if it would be punishable as a felony under federal drug laws or the crime contains a trafficking element. It followed the general reasoning of the Second and Third Circuit Courts of Appeal and rejected the contrary view put forth in the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeal. Given the strong desirability of uniformity in the application of immigration law, the court ruled that it should interpret immigration law to be nationally uniform absent clear indication that Congress intended otherwise.

In analyzing the intent of Congress to make the laws uniform in this type of case, the court referred to the development of the definitions of “aggravated felony” and “drug trafficking crime” in the INA and how it showed that Congress intended a federal definition for those terms.

In summary, the court held that a state drug offense is not an aggravated felony for immigration purposes unless it is punishable as a felony under the CSA or other federal drug laws named in the definition of “drug trafficking crime,” or is a crime involving a trafficking element. Cazarez-Gutierrez’s offense, possession of methamphetamine, was not punishable as a felony under federal law and involves no trafficking element. Therefore, his offense is not an aggravated felony for immigration purposes, and the BIA erred in finding Cazarez-Gutierrez statutorily ineligible for cancellation of removal.

Thus, you should apply for and be eligible for cancellation of removal in order to keep your Lawful Permanent Resident Status.

Will my son be sent back home?

Question: I am a lawful permanent resident and have petitioned my wife and son many years ago. Just recently I found out about the V Visa which allowed my wife and son to come to the United States and reside with me while we are waiting for the visa number to become current. However, my son is going to be 21 years old in two months. I have been told by USCIS that he will have to return home and he can no longer reside here on the V Visa. I have missed him so much that I cannot bear to be separated for years to come. Is there anything I can do?

Answer: Actually, there was just a case that came out in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeal. Therefore, if you live in the jurisdiction of the Ninth Circuit (basically the Western United States), then you are in luck.

In this case, the court held that Immigration regulations terminating V nonimmigrant status the day before the visa holder’s 21st birthday, was contrary to Congress’ intent to reunite families when it enacted the Legal Immigration Family Equity Act (“LIFE Act“).

As background: the LIFE Act added a new nonimmigrant visa category, INA § 101(a)(15)(V). Spouses and children of lawful permanent residents who have been waiting for permanent resident status for at least three years are eligible for V visas. These V visa holders are entitled to certain benefits, including employment authorization. The INS regulations implementing INA § 101(a)(15)(V) provide that V visa status “will be granted a period of admission not to exceed 2 years or the day before the alien’s 21st birthday, whichever comes first.” Upon termination of V nonimmigrant status, the individual is no longer eligible for employment authorization.

In this Ninth Circuit case, the government argued that, the court should allow the USCIS regulations to stand. The court ultimately disagreed, stating “[w]e do not owe deference…to agency regulations if they construe a statute in a way that is contrary to congressional intent or that frustrates congressional policy.”

The court concluded that Congress did not directly speak to the issue of whether a person could lose V status by turning 21. The court found that the LIFE Act made clear that a person over the age of 21 was not eligible to receive a V visa but that the statute was silent regarding whether a person over the age of 21 who has been issued a V issue is able to continue to hold that visa. Thus, the court concluded that Congress’ intent was ambiguous.

The court noted that the LIFE Act provided three ways that V visa status may terminate and that aging-out was not one of those ways. Thus, applying the presumption that “when a statute designates certain . . . manners of operation, all omissions should be understood as exclusions,” the court concluded that “[s]ince Congress explicitly enumerated circumstances by which V Visa benefits are terminated, the presumption is that Congress purposely excluded all other possible means, such as aging-out.” The court further found that its conclusion was supported by: (1) statements in the congressional record regarding another LIFE Act provision (adjustment of status under INA § 245(i)); (2) “the general rule of construction that when the legislature enacts an ameliorative rule designed to forestall harsh results, the rule will be interpreted and applied in an ameliorative fashion;” (3) and the rule of lenity (in immigration cases, “doubts are to be resolved in favor of the alien.”).

Thus, the court invalidated the age-out provisions of the V Visa. Thus, your son can legally stay with you under the V Visa even though he will be older than 21 years of age. This is a significant victory for immigrants as it shows the power of the family unit and how Immigration cannot simply make arbitrary regulations.

Jumping Ship is a thing of the past

Question: I am a member of the crew on a luxury ship. I know many of my friends have basically ‘jumped ship’ once they got to the U.S. They would just be on the crew list and then once came to the U.S. they would jump ship, not return and are now illegally living in the U.S. Some have been deported and others cannot find work. Why does the U.S. make it so easy to do this?

Answer: Previously, the law permitted a crew member to enter the United States on the basis of a crew manifest that has been given visas by a consular officer. However, this does not require a consular officer to visa a crew manifest and it authorizes the officer to deny admission to any individual alien whose name appears on a given visas crew manifest. However, in most instances, each and every crew member was not interviewed for the visa. It was the ‘crew manifest’ that was used. Now, the Crew List Visa has been eliminated.

Question: Why Has the Department Eliminated the Crew List Visa?

Answer: The Department has eliminated the crew list visa for security reasons. Since the September 11, 2001 attacks, the Department has reviewed its regulations to ensure that every effort is being made to screen out persons whom they deem to be undesirable. By eliminating the crew list visa, the Department will ensure that each crewmember entering the United States is be required to complete the nonimmigrant visa application forms, submit a valid passport and undergo an interview and background checks. Additionally, visas issued after October 26, 2004 have a biometric indicator. This means crew list visas would necessarily be eliminated by that date.

Question: Won’t this now make it more difficult for crewman to get visas in the first-place?

Answer: Regarding difficulties for crewmen obtaining individual visas caused by last-minute scheduling, the Department recognizes the problem, but continues to believe that the security of the U.S. demands individual crew visas despite the dislocations that the requirement may cause initially. Nevertheless, the Department hopes that shipping companies and unions will encourage their employees and members to obtain visas where there is a reasonable possibility that a crewman may be required to enter the U. S. at any time.

Thus, as with most immigration related visa issues, it is getting more difficult to enter the U.S. Hopefully, this increased scrutiny and way of issuing visas will not hamper or impair the shipping industry into the U.S. Many ships change schedules during the last minute, or have to get crew persons to work the ships at a moments notice. If they cannot get the proper people to man and work the ships, it is possible that this new regulation and way of individually issuing visas to crewmembers will have an effect on the U.S. economy. Additionally, for those people who ‘jumped ship’, it is likely that they can and will still continue to do so as they will still be in the U.S. upon arrival. Clearly, persons should not do this and should find alternatives around coming to the U.S. and staying illegally. However, the new policy of issuing visas individually to crew members may not have the desired effect that the U.S. intends.

How can I be reunited with my family?

 Question: I am a Lawful Permanent Resident and have petitioned my spouse and child years ago. However, I am heartbroken because I have not been with them in years. Is there anything I can do?

Answer: The Legal Immigration Family Equity Act (LIFE Act) established a nonimmigrant category within the immigration law that allows the spouse or child of a U.S. citizen to be admitted to the United States in a nonimmigrant category. The admission allows the spouse or child to complete processing for permanent residence while in the United States. It also allows those admitted in the new category to have permission for employment while they await processing of their case to permanent resident status.

The Visa classification is known as the K-3/4 nonimmigrants. The K3 applies to the spouse and the K4 applies to the children.

Question: Who is Eligible?

Answer: A person may receive a K-3 visa if that person: 1) Has concluded a valid marriage with a citizen of the United States; 2) has a relative petition (Form I-130) filed by the U.S. citizen spouse for the person; 3) seeks to enter the United States to await the approval of the petition and subsequent lawful permanent resident status, and, has an approved Form I-129F, Petition for Alien Fiancée, forwarded to the American consulate abroad where the alien wishes to apply for the K-3/K-4 visa. The consulate must be in the country in which the marriage to the U.S. citizen took place if the United States has a consulate which issues immigrant visas in that country. If the marriage took place in the United States, the designated consulate is the one with jurisdiction over the current residence of the alien spouse,

A person may receive a K-4 visa, if that person is under 21 years of age and is the unmarried child of an alien eligible to be a K-3.

Question: How Do I Apply?

Answer: So that the alien spouse and child may apply for a K-3 nonimmigrant visa for a spouse and a K-4 nonimmigrant visa for a child, the citizen must file the necessary forms on behalf of the alien spouse with the applicable Service Center having jurisdiction over the citizen’s place of residence. The citizen petitioner will then receive a Form Notice of Action, indicating that the I-130 has been received by the BCIS. The citizen should then file a copy of this notice with the appropriate forms to the BCIS office in Illinois.

Once approved, the petition will be forwarded to the applicable consulate so that the alien beneficiary or beneficiaries may apply to the Department of State for nonimmigrant K-3/K-4 visas.

Question: Will I Get a Work Permit?

Answer: Persons in K-3 or K-4 status and applicants for adjustment to permanent resident status from K-3 or K-4 are eligible to apply for a work permit while their cases are pending.

Question: Can I Travel Outside the United States?

If you are in K-3 or K-4 status, you may travel using your unexpired K-3/K-4 nonimmigrant visa to travel outside of the United States and return, even if you are applying for adjustment of status simultaneously.

Where have my dreams have gone?

Question: I was just a little child when my parents came to the United States with my family. Our visas expired and I have been out of status for many years. I have done very well in high school and now want to attend college. Eventually, I want to become a doctor. However, at every turn is my illegal status. Unfortunately, colleges do not want to take me because I am here illegally. Now I have to work menial jobs and cannot realize my dreams of becoming a doctor and helping people. What can I do?

Answer: There may be a Bill in Congress that could soon become law. It is very much made for persons in your situation. Persons that are victims of the immigration laws and are stuck with nowhere to go. It is known as the DREAM Act. Last week it was in the Senate Judiciary Committee. By marking up and passing the DREAM Act (S. 1545), the Senate Judiciary Committee took an important step to remove one of the barriers that deserving children face in their quest to attend colleges and legalize their status in the United States.

The DREAM Act would return to the states the authority to determine who qualifies for in-state tuition. The bill also would legalize the status of those young people who meet certain criteria, including having good moral character and having lived in the U.S. for at least five years preceding the Act’s passage.

America benefits when all people have the opportunity to contribute to society and the economy. The DREAM Act will facilitate that opportunity for deserving kids, by removing some of the barriers to their attending college and gaining legal status. It not only makes economic sense, but it is the right thing to do.

Question: Did this Bill pass by a wide margin?

Answer: By a 16-3 vote, the Senate Judiciary Committee passed the DREAM Act (Development, Relief, and Education for Alien Minors Act of 2003), despite the strong efforts of restrictionists on and off Capitol Hill to defeat this measure. However, the bill passed only after the Committee approved a damaging amendment.

Question: Is the DREAM Act law?

Answer: No, not yet. Now it must go to the House to act on companion legislation, the Student Adjustment Act (H.R. 1684), introduced by Representatives Chris Cannon (R-UT), Howard Berman (D-CA), and Lucille Roybal-Allard (D-CA).

However, it does seem there is momentum for this Bill. Thus, we will see if it is passed. However, if you are in a situation where you need to have this type of legislation, help may soon be on its way.

Why do I have to wait so long to be with my U.S. Spouse?

Question: I just married my U.S. Citizen husband in my home country. I thought I could just go to the United States and live with him. However, I found out it is actually is going to take over one year to get back together with my husband. I am heartbroken. Is there anything I can do to speed up this process?

Answer: Yes. There is what is known as a K-Nonimmigrant as the Spouse or Child of a U.S. Citizen? The Legal Immigration Family Equity Act and its amendments (LIFE Act) established a new nonimmigrant category within the immigration law that allows the spouse or child of a U.S. citizen to be admitted to the United States in a nonimmigrant category. The admission allows the spouse or child to complete processing for permanent residence while in the United States. It also allows those admitted in the new category to have permission for employment while they await processing of their case to permanent resident status.

Question: Who is Eligible?

A person may receive a K-3 visa if that person: has concluded a valid marriage with a citizen of the United States; has a relative petition (Form I-130) filed by the U.S. citizen spouse for the person; seeks to enter the United States to await the approval of the petition and subsequent lawful permanent resident status, and, has an approved Form I-129F, Petition for Alien Fiancé, forwarded to the American consulate abroad where the alien wishes to apply for the K-3/K-4 visa. The consulate must be in the country in which the marriage to the U.S. citizen took place if the United States has a consulate which issues immigrant visas in that country. If the marriage took place in the United States, the designated consulate is the one with jurisdiction over the current residence of the alien spouse.

Question: Will I Get a Work Permit?

Answer: Persons in K-3 or K-4 status and applicants for adjustment to permanent resident status from K-3 or K-4 are eligible to apply for a work permit while their cases are pending.

Question: Can I Travel Outside the United States?

Answer: If you are in K-3 or K-4 status, you may travel using your unexpired K-3/K-4 nonimmigrant visa to travel outside of the United States and return, even if you are applying for adjustment of status simultaneously.

What help can people get from Hurricane Katrina?

Question: I have many friends who are not U.S. Citizens who were displaced by Hurricane Katrina. What is happening with their families and petitions?

Answer: First, it is necessary to determine the physical status of USCIS facilities in the affected area.

On Friday, September 2, 2005, USCIS surveyed the status of the USCIS District Office in New Orleans (NOL) at 701 Loyola Avenue. There was no window damage, no water damage, and the office was secure. It appears that nothing was disrupted, and the files and security items are safe. Two USCIS employees in the affected region remain unaccounted for. All other USCIS facilities in the Gulf Coast Region are secure.

Due to the high volume of displaced persons, ALL USCIS offices will be assisting hurricane victims in any way possible.

The New Orleans District Director is conducting business from the USCIS Sub-office at 1341 Sycamore View Road in Memphis, Tennessee. The Continuity of Operations (COOP) site for NOL is the ASC facility at 100 West Capitol Street in Jackson, Mississippi. The COOP site in Jackson is open for business and will be staffed by NOL personnel in the coming days.

Question: Where are the NOL office files going to be centralized?

Answer: Planning is underway to centralize the files from the NOL district office. However, it may be sometime before USCIS will be able to enter the NOL office to remove and relocate files.

Question: Has USCIS cancelled naturalization ceremonies in the affected areas?

Answer: All naturalization ceremonies in the affected areas have been cancelled until further notice and will be rescheduled. Customers with pending appointments for naturalization interviews and adjustment of status interviews will be contacted as soon as information becomes available.

Question: Are there plans to shift jurisdiction for customers from the New Orleans District?

Answer: It will be necessary to shift jurisdiction for customers from the New Orleans office to other local offices throughout the country. USCIS Regional Directors are working together to develop a plan that maintains the commitment to customer service and efficiency. Operational activities continue in Fort Smith, Arkansas, Memphis, Tennessee, and now, Jackson, Mississippi.

Question: How do affected customers go about replacing lost immigration documentation?

Answer: All USCIS field offices will be prepared to assist hurricane victims in any way possible and work to replace official documentation while adhering to security policies and procedures. USCIS will verify the identity and immigration status of all customers before re-issuing any immigration related document. Such verification can be achieved by using their electronic systems.

Question: What steps is USCIS taking to facilitate the deployment of relief workers from abroad?

Answer: USCIS is working closely with officials at the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) to consider options to parole certain foreign skilled technicians, i.e. electricians, general contractors, construction and recovery specialists. Under these regulations, the new parolees will need to apply for an Employment Authorization Document since the activity is considered employment in the United States.

Question: How will USCIS handle foreign students who will not be able to maintain continuous enrollment in affected universities?

Answer: The Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP), housed at the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), is in the process of issuing guidance to students and schools, addressing individual scenarios.

There is still a need to help these displaced immigrants. Therefore, if you have anything to give to Red Cross to help, please do so.

Brian D. Lerner is an Immigration Attorney Specialist. This firm does every aspect of immigration law including family and employment based petitions, deportation defense and criminal related immigration issues, asylum, naturalization, appeals, nonimmigrant visas, immigrant visas, and all other areas of immigration law. An appointment can be made by calling  (866) 495-0554  or  (562) 495-0554 . The Firm website is www.californiaimmigration.us.